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<title>Markdown 语法参考</title>
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github.com style (c) Vasily Polovnyov <vast@whiteants.net>

*/

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<style> @media print{ .hljs{overflow: visible; word-wrap: break-word !important;} }</style></head><body><div class="markdown-body">
<h1 id="toc_0">Markdown语法参考</h1>

<p>Markdown 是一种 Lightweight 标记语言，易读、易写、易改，主要为了方便在 Web 端快速书写文档，由转换器转换为 HTML 呈现在 Web 页面上，最初的 Markdown 转换程序，是一个 Perl 脚本。Markdown 可以使用简单的几个字符，如 <code>#</code>, <code>*</code>, 等，编写出格式丰富的整齐化一的文档来。</p>

<p>现在，越来越多的 Web 程序支持 Markdown 的在线编辑和展示，如：</p>

<ul>
<li><a href="https://github.com/">GitHub</a></li>
<li><a href="http://stackoverflow.com/">Stack Overflow</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.reddit.com/">Reddit</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.jianshu.com/">简书</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.zybuluo.com/">作业部落</a></li>
</ul>

<p>专用于 Downdown 写作或支持该格式编写的编辑器很多，Windows 平台有 Typora, MarkdownPad, MarkPad 等。OSX 平台可选的就太多了，有 Mou, Ulysses, iA Writer, Typed, MacDown, Typora 等一系列好用的工具软件。除此之外，还有一大批如 GNU Emacs, Vim, Sublime Tex, Atom 等猿类编辑器也支持这种格式。</p>

<p>Markdown 文件一般用 <code>.md</code> 或 <code>.markdown</code> 作为扩展名。</p>

<ul>
<li>
<a href="#toc_0">Markdown语法参考</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="#toc_1">1. 标准Markdown</a>
<ul>
<li>
<ul>
<li>
<a href="#toc_2">1.1 加粗和强调</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="#toc_3">1.2 链接和Email</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="#toc_4">1.3 图片</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="#toc_5">1.4 标题</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="#toc_6">1.5 列表</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="#toc_7">1.6 引用</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>
<a href="#toc_9">1.7 代码</a>
<ul>
<li>
<a href="#toc_10">1.7.1 行内代码</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="#toc_11">1.7.2 代码块</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>
<a href="#toc_12">1.8 换行</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="#toc_13">1.9 水平线</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="#toc_14">1.10 反斜杠</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>
<a href="#toc_15">2. 其他语法</a>
<ul>
<li>
<a href="#toc_16">2.1 脚注</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="#toc_17">2.2 表格</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="#toc_18">2.3 锚点</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="#toc_19">2.4 删除线</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>
<a href="#toc_20">3. GitHub 支持的 Markdown 语法</a>
<ul>
<li>
<a href="#toc_21">3.1 语法高亮</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="#toc_22">3.2 任务列表</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="#toc_23">3.3 SHA 引用</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="#toc_24">3.4 同一个仓库中的 Issue 引用</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="#toc_25">3.5 @某用户</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="#toc_26">3.6 自动链接</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="#toc_27">3.7 对 emoji 的支持</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>
<a href="#toc_28">4.其他支持项目</a>
<ul>
<li>
<a href="#toc_29">4.1 复选框列表</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="#toc_30">4.2 Html 标签</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="#toc_31">4.3 待办事宜 Todo 列表</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>
<a href="#toc_32">参考文档</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="#toc_33">协议</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="#toc_34">本文档原文链接</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>


<h1 id="toc_1">1. 标准Markdown</h1>

<h3 id="toc_2">1.1 加粗和强调</h3>

<pre><code>*emphasize* **strong**

_emphasize_ __strong__

_强调是可以**嵌套**的_
</code></pre>

<p><em>emphasize</em> <strong>emphasize</strong></p>

<p><u>emphasize</u> <strong>strong</strong></p>

<p><u>强调是可以<strong>嵌套</strong>的</u></p>

<h3 id="toc_3">1.2 链接和Email</h3>

<pre><code>链接到 [Github](https://github.com/ &quot;Github&quot;).
</code></pre>

<p>链接到 <a href="https://github.com/" title="Github">Github</a>.</p>

<pre><code>定义链接的ID后 [example][id]，可以在文档下方再定义链接的目标地址：
</code></pre>

<pre><code>[id]: http://example.com/  &quot;Title&quot;
</code></pre>

<p>定义链接的ID后 <a href="http://example.com/" title="Title">example</a>，可以在文档下方再定义链接的目标地址：</p>

<p>电子邮件链接：</p>

<pre><code>电子邮件链接实例 &lt;example@example.com&gt;
</code></pre>

<p>电子邮件链接实例 <a href="mailto:example@example.com">example@example.com</a></p>

<h3 id="toc_4">1.3 图片</h3>

<pre><code>![图片替换文本（禁止显示图片时会显示此文本）](/path/img.jpg &quot;图片标题（鼠标放到图片上时会显示此文本）&quot;)
</code></pre>

<p>图片也可以先插入到正文，之后再根据 id 定义图片的路径和显示文本：</p>

<pre><code>![图片替换文本（禁止显示图片时会显示此文本）][id]
</code></pre>

<pre><code>[id]: /url/to/img.jpg &quot;图片标题（鼠标放到图片上时会显示此文本）&quot;
</code></pre>

<h3 id="toc_5">1.4 标题</h3>

<p>Markdown 支持两种标题的语法，类 Setext 和类 Atx 形式。</p>

<p>Atx 形式最多支持6级标题：</p>

<pre><code># Header 1 #
## Header 2 ##
...
###### Header 6
</code></pre>

<p>类 Setext 形式是用底线的形式，利用 = （一级标题）和 - （二级标题）</p>

<pre><code>Header 1
========
Header 2
--------
</code></pre>

<p>这种方式不推荐，统一使用类 Atx 形式即可。</p>

<h3 id="toc_6">1.5 列表</h3>

<p>Markdown 支持有序列表和无序列表。</p>

<p><code>&lt;ul&gt;</code> 无序列表使用星号<code>*</code>、加号<code>+</code>或是减号<code>-</code>-作为列表标记：</p>

<pre><code>* Item 1
* Item 2
  * Item 2a
  * Item 2b
</code></pre>

<ul>
<li>Item 1</li>
<li>Item 2

<ul>
<li>Item 2a</li>
<li>Item 2b</li>
</ul></li>
</ul>

<p><code>&lt;ol&gt;</code> 有序列表则使用数字接着一个英文句点：</p>

<p>有序列表和无序列表可以混合嵌套：</p>

<pre><code>1. Item 1
2. Item 2
3. Item 3
   * Item 3a
   * Item 3b
</code></pre>

<ol>
<li>Item 1</li>
<li>Item 2</li>
<li>Item 3

<ul>
<li>Item 3a</li>
<li>Item 3b</li>
</ul></li>
</ol>

<p>需要说明的一点是，你在列表标记上使用的数字并不会影响输出的 HTML 结果，上面的列表所产生的 HTML 标记为：<br/>
<code><br/>
&lt;ol&gt;<br/>
&lt;li&gt;Bird&lt;/li&gt;<br/>
&lt;li&gt;McHale&lt;/li&gt;<br/>
&lt;li&gt;Parish&lt;/li&gt;<br/>
&lt;/ol&gt;<br/>
</code><br/>
如果你的列表标记写成：<br/>
<code><br/>
1.  Bird<br/>
1.  McHale<br/>
1.  Parish<br/>
</code><br/>
甚至是：<br/>
<code><br/>
3. Bird<br/>
1. McHale<br/>
8. Parish<br/>
</code><br/>
你都会得到完全相同的 HTML 输出。重点在于，你可以让 Markdown 文件的列表数字和输出的结果相同，或是你懒一点，你可以完全不用在意数字的正确性。</p>

<p>如果你使用懒惰的写法，建议第一个项目最好还是从 1. 开始，因为 Markdown 未来可能会支持有序列表的 start 属性。</p>

<p>当然，项目列表很可能会不小心产生，像是下面这样的写法<br/>
<code><br/>
1986. What a great season.<br/>
</code><br/>
换句话说，也就是在行首出现数字-句点-空白，要避免这样的状况，你可以在句点前面加上反斜杠。<br/>
<code><br/>
1986\. What a great season.<br/>
</code></p>

<h3 id="toc_7">1.6 引用</h3>

<pre><code>&gt; Email-style angle brackets
&gt; are used for blockquotes.
&gt; &gt; And, they can be nested.
&gt; #### Headers in blockquotes
&gt; 
&gt; * You can quote a list.
&gt; * Etc.
</code></pre>

<blockquote>
<p>Email-style angle brackets<br/>
are used for blockquotes.</p>

<blockquote>
<p>And, they can be nested.</p>
</blockquote>

<h4 id="toc_8">Headers in blockquotes</h4>

<ul>
<li>You can quote a list.</li>
<li>Etc.</li>
</ul>
</blockquote>

<h3 id="toc_9">1.7 代码</h3>

<h4 id="toc_10">1.7.1 行内代码</h4>

<pre><code>行内代码 `&lt;code&gt;`，也可以放在反引号之间：`` &lt;code&gt; ``。
</code></pre>

<p>行内代码 <code>&lt;code&gt;</code>，也可以放在两对反引号之间：<code>&lt;code&gt;</code>。</p>

<h4 id="toc_11">1.7.2 代码块</h4>

<p>代码块每行前添加 缩进 4个空格 或 1个制表符：</p>

<pre><code>#!/usr/bin/perl
use strict;
use warnings;

# first, create your message
use Email::MIME;
my $message = Email::MIME-&gt;create(
  header_str =&gt; [
    From    =&gt; &#39;you@example.com&#39;,
    To      =&gt; &#39;friend@example.com&#39;,
    Subject =&gt; &#39;Happy birthday!&#39;,
  ],
  attributes =&gt; {
    encoding =&gt; &#39;quoted-printable&#39;,
    charset  =&gt; &#39;ISO-8859-1&#39;,
  },
  body_str =&gt; &quot;Happy birthday to you!\n&quot;,
);

# send the message
use Email::Sender::Simple qw(sendmail);
sendmail($message);
</code></pre>

<h3 id="toc_12">1.8 换行</h3>

<p>插入一个空白行即可</p>

<h3 id="toc_13">1.9 水平线</h3>

<p>3个以上短线或*号：</p>

<pre><code>---
* * *
- - - - 
</code></pre>

<h3 id="toc_14">1.10 反斜杠</h3>

<p>Markdown 可以利用反斜杠来插入一些在语法中有其它意义的符号，例如：如果你想要用星号加在文字旁边的方式来做出强调效果（但不用 <code>&lt;em&gt;</code> 标签），你可以在星号的前面加上反斜杠：<br/>
<code><br/>
\*literal asterisks\*<br/>
</code></p>

<p>Markdown 支持以下这些符号前面加上反斜杠来帮助插入普通的符号：<br/>
<code><br/>
\   反斜线<br/>
`   反引号<br/>
*   星号<br/>
_   底线<br/>
{}  花括号<br/>
[]  方括号<br/>
()  括弧<br/>
    #   井字号<br/>
+   加号<br/>
-   减号<br/>
.   英文句点<br/>
!   惊叹号<br/>
</code></p>

<h2 id="toc_15">2. 其他语法</h2>

<h3 id="toc_16">2.1 脚注</h3>

<pre><code>这些文字带有脚注[^1]
</code></pre>

<pre><code>[^1]: 我是脚注。
</code></pre>

<h3 id="toc_17">2.2 表格</h3>

<p>简单表格：</p>

<pre><code>First Header | Second Header | Third Header
------------ | ------------- | ------------
Content Cell | Content Cell  | Content Cell
Content Cell | Content Cell  | Content Cell
</code></pre>

<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>First Header</th>
<th>Second Header</th>
<th>Third Header</th>
</tr>
</thead>

<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Content Cell</td>
<td>Content Cell</td>
<td>Content Cell</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Content Cell</td>
<td>Content Cell</td>
<td>Content Cell</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>

<p>也可以在行首和行尾加上 | ，效果一样：</p>

<pre><code>| First Header | Second Header | Third Header |
| ------------ | ------------- | ------------ |
| Content Cell | Content Cell  | Content Cell |
| Content Cell | Content Cell  | Content Cell |
</code></pre>

<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>First Header</th>
<th>Second Header</th>
<th>Third Header</th>
</tr>
</thead>

<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Content Cell</td>
<td>Content Cell</td>
<td>Content Cell</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Content Cell</td>
<td>Content Cell</td>
<td>Content Cell</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>

<p>使用英文冒号可以给列设定对齐方式：</p>

<pre><code>First Header | Second Header | Third Header
:----------- | :-----------: | -----------:
Left         | Center        | Right
Left         | Center        | Right
</code></pre>

<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th style="text-align: left">First Header</th>
<th style="text-align: center">Second Header</th>
<th style="text-align: right">Third Header</th>
</tr>
</thead>

<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left">Left</td>
<td style="text-align: center">Center</td>
<td style="text-align: right">Right</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left">Left</td>
<td style="text-align: center">Center</td>
<td style="text-align: right">Right</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>

<h3 id="toc_18">2.3 锚点</h3>

<p>Markdown 中也可以给使用锚链接，下面这是一个普通的 H2 标题：</p>

<pre><code>## H2 标题实例
</code></pre>

<p>加个 id 属性就可以给标题加上锚点：</p>

<pre><code>## [带锚点的 H2 实例](id:anchor1)
</code></pre>

<p>链接到上面的锚点，我们只需要如下的语法即可：</p>

<pre><code>预览时点击 [锚链接](#anchor1)
</code></pre>

<h3 id="toc_19">2.4 删除线</h3>

<pre><code>~~Strikethrough~~
</code></pre>

<p><del>Strikethrough 实例</del></p>

<h2 id="toc_20">3. GitHub 支持的 Markdown 语法</h2>

<h3 id="toc_21">3.1 语法高亮</h3>

<pre><code>```javascript
function fancyAlert(arg) {
  if(arg) {
    $.facebox({div:&#39;#foo&#39;})
  }
}
```
</code></pre>

<pre><code class="language-javascript">function fancyAlert(arg) {
  if(arg) {
    $.facebox({div:&#39;#foo&#39;})
  }
}
</code></pre>

<p>GitHub 支持的编程语主高亮列表，请查看 <a href="https://github.com/github/linguist/blob/master/lib/linguist/languages.yml">linguist</a>。</p>

<h3 id="toc_22">3.2 任务列表</h3>

<pre><code>- [x] @mentions, #refs, [links](), **formatting**, and &lt;del&gt;tags&lt;/del&gt; supported
- [x] list syntax required (any unordered or ordered list supported)
- [x] this is a complete item
- [ ] this is an incomplete item
</code></pre>

<ul>
<li class="task-list-item"><input disabled="disabled" type="checkbox" checked /> @mentions, #refs, <a href="">links</a>, <strong>formatting</strong>, and <del>tags</del> supported
</li>
<li class="task-list-item"><input disabled="disabled" type="checkbox" checked /> list syntax required (any unordered or ordered list supported)
</li>
<li class="task-list-item"><input disabled="disabled" type="checkbox" checked /> this is a complete item
</li>
<li class="task-list-item"><input disabled="disabled" type="checkbox" /> this is an incomplete item
</li>
</ul>

<h3 id="toc_23">3.3 SHA 引用</h3>

<p>GitHub 上每个提交都有一个 SHA-1 hash，用它在文档中添加一个指向 GitHut 提交的链接：</p>

<pre><code>16c999e8c71134401a78d4d46435517b2271d6ac
mojombo@16c999e8c71134401a78d4d46435517b2271d6ac
mojombo/github-flavored-markdown@16c999e8c71134401a78d4d46435517b2271d6ac
</code></pre>

<h3 id="toc_24">3.4 同一个仓库中的 Issue 引用</h3>

<p>类似 SHA 引用，也可以添加指定编码的仓库内 Issue 或 Pull Request 链接：</p>

<pre><code>#1
mojombo#1
mojombo/github-flavored-markdown#1
</code></pre>

<h3 id="toc_25">3.5 @某用户</h3>

<p>类似微博，也可以在 GitHub Markdown 文档中添加 <code>@WisdomFusion</code> 的提醒。</p>

<h3 id="toc_26">3.6 自动链接</h3>

<p>任何光秃秃的链接都会被自动转为链接的，如</p>

<p><a href="https://github.com/">https://github.com/</a></p>

<h3 id="toc_27">3.7 对 emoji 的支持</h3>

<p>这个比较炫酷，文档中还支持 emoji！<br/>
<code><br/>
:smile: :exclamation: :thumbsup:<br/>
</code><br/>
:smile: :exclamation: :thumbsup:</p>

<p>emoji列表：<a href="http://www.emoji-cheat-sheet.com/">http://www.emoji-cheat-sheet.com/</a></p>

<p>详细查看<a href="./emoji.html">emoji</a>.</p>

<h2 id="toc_28">4.其他支持项目</h2>

<h3 id="toc_29">4.1 复选框列表</h3>

<ul>
<li class="task-list-item"><input disabled="disabled" type="checkbox" checked /> C
</li>
<li class="task-list-item"><input disabled="disabled" type="checkbox" checked /> C++
</li>
<li class="task-list-item"><input disabled="disabled" type="checkbox" checked /> Java
</li>
<li class="task-list-item"><input disabled="disabled" type="checkbox" checked /> Qt
</li>
<li class="task-list-item"><input disabled="disabled" type="checkbox" checked /> Android
</li>
<li class="task-list-item"><input disabled="disabled" type="checkbox" /> C#
</li>
<li class="task-list-item"><input disabled="disabled" type="checkbox" /> .NET
</li>
</ul>

<h3 id="toc_30">4.2 Html 标签</h3>

<p>本站支持在 Markdown 语法中嵌套 Html 标签，譬如，你可以用 Html 写一个纵跨两行的表格：</p>

<pre><code>&lt;table&gt;
    &lt;tr&gt;
        &lt;th rowspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;值班人员&lt;/th&gt;
        &lt;th&gt;星期一&lt;/th&gt;
        &lt;th&gt;星期二&lt;/th&gt;
        &lt;th&gt;星期三&lt;/th&gt;
    &lt;/tr&gt;
    &lt;tr&gt;
        &lt;td&gt;李强&lt;/td&gt;
        &lt;td&gt;张明&lt;/td&gt;
        &lt;td&gt;王平&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;
</code></pre>

<table>
    <tr>
        <th rowspan="2">值班人员</th>
        <th>星期一</th>
        <th>星期二</th>
        <th>星期三</th>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>李强</td>
        <td>张明</td>
        <td>王平</td>
    </tr>
</table>

<h3 id="toc_31">4.3 待办事宜 Todo 列表</h3>

<p>使用带有 [ ] 或 [x] （未完成或已完成）项的列表语法撰写一个待办事宜列表，并且支持子列表嵌套以及混用Markdown语法，例如：</p>

<pre><code>- [ ] **Cmd Markdown 开发**
    - [ ] 改进 Cmd 渲染算法，使用局部渲染技术提高渲染效率
    - [ ] 支持以 PDF 格式导出文稿
    - [x] 新增Todo列表功能 
    - [x] 改进 LaTex 功能
        - [x] 修复 LaTex 公式渲染问题
        - [x] 新增 LaTex 公式编号功能 
- [ ] **七月旅行准备**
    - [ ] 准备邮轮上需要携带的物品
    - [ ] 浏览日本免税店的物品
    - [x] 购买蓝宝石公主号七月一日的船票
</code></pre>

<p>对应显示如下待办事宜 Todo 列表：</p>

<ul>
<li class="task-list-item"><input disabled="disabled" type="checkbox" /> <strong>Cmd Markdown 开发</strong>

<ul>
<li class="task-list-item"><input disabled="disabled" type="checkbox" /> 改进 Cmd 渲染算法，使用局部渲染技术提高渲染效率
</li>
<li class="task-list-item"><input disabled="disabled" type="checkbox" /> 支持以 PDF 格式导出文稿
</li>
<li class="task-list-item"><input disabled="disabled" type="checkbox" checked /> 新增Todo列表功能 
</li>
<li class="task-list-item"><input disabled="disabled" type="checkbox" checked /> 改进 LaTex 功能

<ul>
<li class="task-list-item"><input disabled="disabled" type="checkbox" checked /> 修复 LaTex 公式渲染问题
</li>
<li class="task-list-item"><input disabled="disabled" type="checkbox" checked /> 新增 LaTex 公式编号功能 
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="task-list-item"><input disabled="disabled" type="checkbox" /> <strong>七月旅行准备</strong>

<ul>
<li class="task-list-item"><input disabled="disabled" type="checkbox" /> 准备邮轮上需要携带的物品
</li>
<li class="task-list-item"><input disabled="disabled" type="checkbox" /> 浏览日本免税店的物品
</li>
<li class="task-list-item"><input disabled="disabled" type="checkbox" checked /> 购买蓝宝石公主号七月一日的船票
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>

<h2 id="toc_32">参考文档</h2>

<ul>
<li><a href="https://guides.github.com/features/mastering-markdown/">https://guides.github.com/features/mastering-markdown/</a></li>
<li><a href="https://help.github.com/articles/basic-writing-and-formatting-syntax/">https://help.github.com/articles/basic-writing-and-formatting-syntax/</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.markdown.cn/">http://www.markdown.cn/</a></li>
</ul>

<h2 id="toc_33">协议</h2>

<p>文档基于MIT协议，由<a href="https://github.com/WisdomFusion/markdown-reference">WisdomFusion</a>在Github上分享。由ZNing生成Website</p>

<h2 id="toc_34">本文档原文链接</h2>

<p><a href="https://git.zning.net.cn/zning/mdman/src/gh-pages/Markdown%E8%AF%AD%E6%B3%95%E5%8F%82%E8%80%83.md">单击查看</a></p>

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